参考资料：

[GMap 在winform 中调用高德地图]((https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35699528/article/details/71599521)

1、创建 UserControl 为MapControl

public partial class MapControl : GMapControl
    {
        /**
         * mapControl : 显示主地图
         * overlay ：显示轨迹
         * makers ：显示关键点
         */
        public MapControl()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
    }

2、创建类 GMapProvider

 public abstract  class AMapProviderBase : GMapProvider
    {

        public AMapProviderBase()
        {
            MaxZoom = null;
            RefererUrl = "http://www.amap.com/";
            Copyright = string.Format("?{0} 高德 Corporation, ?{0} NAVTEQ, ?{0} Image courtesy of NASA", DateTime.Today.Year);
        }

        public override PureProjection Projection
        {
            get { return MercatorProjection.Instance; }
        }

        GMapProvider[] overlays;
        public override GMapProvider[] Overlays
        {
            get
            {
                if (overlays == null)
                {
                    overlays = new GMapProvider[] { this };
                }
                return overlays;
            }
        }
    }

3、创建类 AMapProvider 继承 AMapProviderBase

class AMapProvider : AMapProviderBase
    {
        public static readonly AMapProvider Instance;

        readonly Guid id = new Guid("EF3DD303-3F74-4938-BF40-232D0595EE88");
        public override Guid Id
        {
            get { return id; }
        }

        readonly string name = "AMap";
        public override string Name
        {
            get
            {
                return name;
            }
        }

        static AMapProvider()
        {
            Instance = new AMapProvider();
        }

        public override PureImage GetTileImage(GPoint pos, int zoom)
        {
            string url = MakeTileImageUrl(pos, zoom, LanguageStr);

            return GetTileImageUsingHttp(url);
        }

        string MakeTileImageUrl(GPoint pos, int zoom, string language)
        {

            //http://webrd04.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?x=5&y=2&z=3&lang=zh_cn&size=1&scale=1&style=7
            string url = string.Format(UrlFormat, pos.X, pos.Y, zoom);
            Console.WriteLine("url:" + url);
            return url;
        }

        static readonly string UrlFormat = "http://webrd04.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?x={0}&y={1}&z={2}&lang=zh_cn&size=1&scale=1&style=7";
    }

4、在主Form中

public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private GMapOverlay markersOverlay = new GMapOverlay("markers"); //放置marker的图层
                                                                         // GMapOverlay polyOverlay = new GMapOverlay(“polygons”);
        GMapOverlay polyOverlay = new GMapOverlay("Routes");

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            try
            {

                // System.Net.IPHostEntry e = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(“ditu.amap.com”);
            }
            catch
            {
                gMapControl.Manager.Mode = AccessMode.CacheOnly;
                MessageBox.Show("No internet connection avaible, going to CacheOnly mode.", "GMap.NET Demo", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning);

            }
            gMapControl.CacheLocation = Environment.CurrentDirectory + "\\GMapCache\\"; //缓存位置
                                                                                        //  gMapControl.MapProvider = GMapProviders.GoogleChinaMap; //google china 地图
                                                                                        //详情看类AMapProvider与GMapProviders即可明白
            gMapControl.MapProvider = AMapProvider.Instance;
            gMapControl.MinZoom = 2;  //最小比例
            gMapControl.MaxZoom = 24; //最大比例
            gMapControl.Zoom = 10;     //当前比例
            gMapControl.ShowCenter = false; //不显示中心十字点
            gMapControl.DragButton = System.Windows.Forms.MouseButtons.Left; //左键拖拽地图
            gMapControl.Position = new PointLatLng(36.0561596067835,103.738231658936); //地图中心位置：兰州理工大学


            GMapMarker marker = new GMarkerGoogle(gMapControl.Position, GMarkerGoogleType.green);
            markersOverlay.Markers.Add(marker);
            gMapControl.Overlays.Add(markersOverlay);

            // 添加多边形节点
            List points = new List();
            points.Add(new PointLatLng(37.1412768409666, 79.6562057733536));
            points.Add(new PointLatLng(37.1403574434934, 79.6564793586731));
            points.Add(new PointLatLng(37.1405669815751, 79.6581155061722));
            points.Add(new PointLatLng(37.1416146632773, 79.6577936410904));
            points.Add(new PointLatLng(37.1412768409666, 79.6562057733536));
            
            //绘制折线用GMapRoute 
            GMapRoute route = new GMapRoute(points, "");
            route.Stroke = new Pen(Color.Red, 1);
            polyOverlay.Routes.Add(route);

            //绘制多边形用GMapPolygon 
            GMapPolygon polygon = new GMapPolygon(points, "polygons");
            polygon.Fill = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(50, Color.Green));
            polygon.Stroke = new Pen(Color.Red, 1);
            polyOverlay.Polygons.Add(polygon);
            gMapControl.Overlays.Add(polyOverlay);
            
            // 创建鼠标按键事件
            gMapControl.MouseClick += new MouseEventHandler(gMapControl_MouseClick);

        }
        
        void gMapControl_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.Button == System.Windows.Forms.MouseButtons.Right)
            {
                PointLatLng point = gMapControl.FromLocalToLatLng(e.X, e.Y);
                GMapMarker marker = new GMarkerGoogle(point, GMarkerGoogleType.green);
                markersOverlay.Markers.Add(marker);
                Console.WriteLine(point.ToString());

                
            }
        }

        /// 

        /// 改变 Polygons 填充颜色
        /// 
        /// Polygons 名称
        void changePolygonsColor(String name)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < gMapControl.Overlays.Count; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < gMapControl.Overlays[i].Polygons.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (gMapControl.Overlays[i].Polygons[j].Name == name)
                    {
                        gMapControl.Overlays[i].Polygons[j].Fill = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(50, Color.Red));
                    }
                }
            }

        }

    }