Nginx 基本介绍及安装---（1）
2.Nginx基本安装
2.这里已Centos7版本为例，采用yum源安装
2.1 第一步
2.2 第二部进入Nginx官网获取yum下载源
2.3 yum install nginx 安装
安装完成后可通过nginx -v检查版本 即安装完成
3.基本参数使用
3.1 安装目录
命令 rpm -ql nginx
[root@VM_0_3_centos ~]# rpm -ql nginx /etc/logrotate.d/nginx /etc/nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params /etc/nginx/koi-utf /etc/nginx/koi-win /etc/nginx/mime.types /etc/nginx/modules /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/scgi_params /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params /etc/nginx/win-utf /etc/sysconfig/nginx /etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service /usr/lib64/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx/modules /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/check-reload /usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/upgrade /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx-debug /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.18.0 /usr/share/doc/nginx-1.18.0/COPYRIGHT /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/nginx/html /usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /var/cache/nginx /var/log/nginx
需要了解的目录
nginx日志切割目录
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
配置文件
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
守护进程配置
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
缓存目录
/var/cache/nginx
Nginx日志目录
/var/log/nginx
3.2 编译参数
命令 nginx -V
--with开头的比较复杂 此处不作过多讲解
3.3 Nginx基本配置语法
首先查看配置文件cd /etc/nginx/ cat nginx.conf
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
单个核最大的进程数 一般调节到1万可以满足基本服务要求 常用高性能优化可以设置65535 即端口数附件
HTTP 项目服务配置 一般是通过导入设置（include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;）
查看/etc/nginx/conf.d/默认配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
默认的页面我们页可以看下
根据locattion 路径/usr/share/nginx/html
Welcome to nginx! Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at nginx.com.Thank you for using nginx.
关于http请求作简单介绍，因为Nginx就是作为http代理应用
Ngin启动关闭命令
4. 常见配置
4.1.虚拟机主机配置
为了方便管理和部署业务服务，我们一般基于虚拟主机的方式来配置多业务方式：
方式一：
方式二
方式三：同二差不多
4.2 Nginx日志配置说明
nginx日志分为两类 一类错误日志 一类http监控日志
通过查看nginx.conf可查看对应的日志配置
4.3 Nginx模块讲解
通过nginx -V查看--with开头即为相关模块
这里介绍几个
4.3.1 客户端状态模块配置
它是配置在server 或者location下的用来监控连接状态等信息
4.3.2 随机主页模块（用的少）
4.3.3 HTTP内容替换模块（重要模块）
默认替换一次
通过开关可设置所有内容的替换
那么基础篇就介绍到这里了 请继续关注后续的学习篇